India emerged as the second-highest contributor to the cancer burden in Asia in 2019, recording a staggering 12 lakh new cancer cases and 9.3 lakh deaths, according to a Lancet study. This study, conducted by an international team of researchers, including experts from the National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra and All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in Jodhpur and Bathinda, analyzed cancer data across 49 Asian countries from 1990 to 2019.
Prevalence of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer
The study underscored tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer as significant burdens in Asia, accounting for an estimated 13 lakh cases and 12 lakh deaths. This form of cancer proved most prevalent in men and ranked as the third most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in women.
Alarming Rise in Cervical Cancer and Other Culprits
The research also brought attention to the escalating cases of cervical cancer among women in various Asian countries, ranking second or among the top five. It emphasized the effectiveness of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, introduced in 2006, in preventing the disease and reducing HPV-related deaths. Other frequently reported cancers in the region include breast, colon, rectum, stomach, and skin.
Contributors to Rising Cancer Levels
Smoking, alcohol consumption, and air pollution were identified as pivotal factors contributing to the surge in cancer levels in Asia. Researchers particularly flagged the escalating burden due to air pollution as particularly concerning. Smokeless tobacco, including gutkha and paan masala, prevalent in South Asian countries like India, Bangladesh, and Nepal, posed a significant concern. India alone accounted for 32.9% of global deaths and 28.1% of new cases of lip and oral cavity cancer in 2019.
Focus on Timely Screening and Treatment
The Lancet study accentuated the pressing need for a concentrated effort on timely cancer screening and the availability of treatment, particularly in low- and medium-income countries of Asia. In these regions, where oncologic infrastructure is relatively lower, especially in rural areas, addressing these challenges head-on is paramount to improving survival rates and overall cancer outcomes.
Tackling Cancer: India
As the Lancet study unveils the concerning statistics of India’s substantial contribution to the cancer burden in Asia, the call for action becomes more urgent. The key lies in comprehensive strategies that encompass awareness, prevention, early detection, and robust healthcare infrastructure. This revelation serves as a poignant reminder that concerted efforts are crucial to combating the pervasive threat of cancer and fostering a healthier future for the people of Asia.
