Foreign Policy: Following the general elections in India, announced on June 4, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has secured a third term in office. Despite the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) winning just 240 seats, down from 303 in the 2019 election, BJP’s coalition with the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) holds a majority with 286 seats.
In his victory speech, Modi highlighted Indian voters’ “immense faith” in his governance and promised a “new chapter of big decisions.” Among his top priorities, Modi aims to make India the world’s third-largest economy by 2027, carry out economic reforms, and generate employment. The BJP plans to enhance India’s global economic status through market reforms, free trade agreements, and a focus on digital infrastructure and energy transition. These initiatives aim to align with the vision of a “Viksit Bharat” (Developed India) by 2047.
Click here to listen to Narendra Modi’s victory speech!
Foreign Policy and Strategic Alliances
Modi’s third term will also focus on foreign policy goals, including seeking permanent membership in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), forming strategic alliances, addressing the China challenge, revitalizing ties with neighbours, and playing a pivotal role in world politics. With an 8.5% GDP growth rate, India’s ambition to become the third-largest economy by 2027 seems attainable, having already moved up to the fifth spot from tenth place in 2014.
Security and Infrastructure
Concerning China, India will revamp its security infrastructure along the Himalayan border, where tensions have been high. Modi’s administration will enhance border infrastructure, bolster defence capabilities, and strengthen “minilateral” strategic alliances to ensure peace in the Indo-Pacific. The recent deployment of China’s advanced J-20 stealth fighter jets near the Indian border underscores the ongoing tensions.
Strengthening Ties with Global Powers
India’s relations with the United States have flourished, highlighted by Modi’s 2023 visit, which emphasized strategic cooperation. India-U.S. ties are expected to continue deepening, including collaborations in the space sector. Simultaneously, India will maintain its defence and trade ties with Russia, despite concerns over Russia’s close relationship with China.
Regional Diplomacy and “Neighborhood First”
India’s “Neighborhood First” policy remains crucial, aiming to strengthen ties with neighbouring countries such as Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and Afghanistan. Despite challenges, including rising Chinese influence, India has provided substantial aid to Sri Lanka and is working on trilateral cooperation with Japan in the region.
Global South Leadership
India’s hosting of the G-20 Summit in 2023 set the stage for its leadership ambitions in the Global South. Modi has emphasized India’s role as a strong voice for developing countries, marked by the African Union’s inclusion in the G-20. This strategic positioning aims to enhance India’s diplomatic influence and foster stronger ties with emerging economies.
Modi’s third term is poised to drive comprehensive foreign policy reforms, strengthen strategic alliances, and solidify India’s leadership in the Global South. By enhancing regional security, pursuing UNSC membership, and fostering global partnerships, India aims to emerge as a pivotal player on the world stage.
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